Saturday 30 April 2011

Berkshire’s Rose ‘Very Bullish’ About Recovery, China Trade


http://noir.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601087&sid=aOApfwxA3U.Q&pos=1

Really foolish stuff

Read below

“I’m very, very bullish about the recovery,” Rose said today in an interview in Omaha, Nebraska, before Berkshire’s annual meeting. “It’s really driven by worldwide demand, specifically China.”


Commerce is expanding on the “big draw of commodities, as well as finished products going to China,” said Rose, who sold his Burlington Northern Santa Fe railroad to Berkshire last year for $26.5 billion. The economic recovery is “better than what people report.”


-----


This guy clearly has no sense of what he is talking about.



Nasdaq - Smells like a Bubble

From SentimenTrader

Rydex Nasdaq 100 Bull/Bear Ratio


Two weeks ago, we looked at asset levels in the Nasdaq 100 index funds at the Rydex mutual fund family.

At the time, traders had shunned technology stocks, so the Bull/Bear Ratio for the un-leveraged funds was near a two-year low.  The ratio for the leveraged funds was higher, but still only about average.

Over the past couple of days, and yesterday in particular, those traders fell in love with technology again (a clean breakout to new highs tends to do that).  They've once again jumped on the bandwagon, and aggressively so.

The chart above shows both ratios.  There is currently 46 times more money invested in the un-leveraged long fund than the un-leveraged inverse fund.  That's just a tad below the prior peak of 47 that we saw on February 8th.  It's a bit higher than the level reached on March 22nd and July 14th in the year 2000.

There is nearly 7 times more money invested in the leveraged long fund than the leveraged inverse fund.  That eclipses the highest ratios over the past few months, though it's still below the all-time peak from 2000.

This data had been more positive than negative for the market a couple of weeks ago.  That's no longer the case

2008 crash deja vu: We’ll relive it, and soon

http://www.marketwatch.com/Story/story/print?guid=1ECE987A-6F7C-11E0-B644-00212804637C


Warning, the stars are aligning, again. Much faster. We’re repeating the run-up to the 2008 meltdown, leading up to the next election.


Yes, another crash is coming, unavoidable, just like 2008. Not because our totally dysfunctional government is collapsing into anarchy, thanks to the 261,000 Super-Rich Lobbyists. Not just because our monetary system is run by the Bernanke Printing Press Company. And not just because a soulless conspiracy of Wall Street CEOs cares nothing for democracy and the public interest, only for their stockholders and their year-end bonuses.
“It’s as if 2008 never happened. Once again the worlds investors are pumping up bubbles that will probably explode in their faces. After the popping of a real estate bubble led to the first global recession since the 1930s, world markets are frothing like shaken Champagne. Pundits claim to have spotted price increases that are unsupported by economic fundamentals in assets ranging from U.S. farmland to Israeli biotech to Australian housing to Chinese cemetery sites. Commodities have soared. Global junk-bond issuance hit a record in the first three months of the year … this is the granddaddy of them all, an almost-encompassing bubble right at the heart of monetary systems.”Another crash is coming soon because we’re back playing the same speculative games as we did for years prior to the 2008 crash. When we collapse, it will be because America’s leaders never learn the lessons of history. Never. In a BusinessWeek editorial, Peter Coy and Rouben Farzad described the bubbles:
Yes, the “granddaddy of all bubbles” will explode right in Fed Chairman Ben Bernanke’s face, a bubble that will then sink like a stiletto deep into the “heart of the monetary systems” across the world, proving something Nassim Taleb said about Bernanke when Obama reappointed him in 2009, “he doesn’t even know he doesn’t understand how things work,” and that his methods make “homeopath and alternative healers look empirical and scientific.” Market Crash: Will it happen by Christmas?

Warning, same prediction also made 18 months before the 2008 crash

Now here’s the fascinating part of that prediction. Today’s new bubble-blowing resembles the four-year run-up to the 2008 crash, even replicates the pre-election timing. Why? First, because Jeremy Grantham, GMO chief, money managers of $100 billion, made virtually the same warning as the Coy-Farzad team 18 months before the 2008 meltdown.
Listen very closely and compare how what Grantham said in July 2007, 18 months before a clueless Henry Paulson and Ben Bernanke stood by and did nothing before the crash in the fall of 2008. Listen, the similarity is so eerie you’d think the two predictions were written by the same guys four years apart, though they weren’t.
Coincidence? Perhaps, but the real problem is that during the 18-month run-up from July 2007 to the 2008 crash, our leaders, Paulson and Bernanke, were misleading everyone: Paulson, “best economy seen in my professional life.” Bernanke, “the subprime loan crisis is contained.” And earlier Greenspan, a myopic Reaganomics-Ayn Rand clone who later recanted, said the problems were just some “regional froth.”
Now listen and compare Jeremy Grantham’s July 2007 prediction with BusinessWeek’s warning: “The First Truly Global Bubble: From Indian antiquities to modern Chinese art; from land in Panama to Mayfair; from forestry, infrastructure, and the junkiest bonds to mundane blue chips; it’s bubble time. … Everyone, everywhere is reinforcing one another. … The bursting of the bubble will be across all countries and all assets … no similar global event has occurred before.” It came true 18 months later. Meanwhile Paulson and Bernanke kept publicly dismissing warnings they didn’t like.

Warning, America’s leaders will deny the next crash, won’t be prepared

Later in 2009 Grantham also began warning that we had “learned nothing” and were “condemning ourselves to another serious financial crisis in the not too-distant future.” Get it? America’s leaders in Washington, Wall Street and Corporate America are so predictably irrational, so doomed to repeat history, they cannot hear, see or comprehend the warnings of men like Grantham, who manages $100 billion, a guy who can’t afford to ignore the lessons of history. He’s also understands why humans deny warnings, why we inevitably make stupid mistakes over and over.
Yes, Grantham was already pointing out how we “learned nothing” from 2008, how we were destined to repeat the same, even bigger, mistakes. Pointing to a key chart, Grantham’s “favorite example of a last hurrah after the first leg of the 1929 crash,” he saw obvious similarities between 1929-30 and today, warning that we’re in for a long, long period of recovery, like the 1930s Great Depression: “After the sharp decline in the fall of 1929, the S&P 500 rallied 46% from its low in November to the rally high of April 12, 1930, then, of course, fell by over 80%.”
Then last year Grantham updated his warnings, drawing an analogy to the biblical warnings of Joseph: “The idea behind seven lean years is that it is unrealistic to expect to overcome the several problems facing most developed countries, including the U.S., in fewer than several years.” So here we are, closing in the elections of 2012, with 18 months to go. The countdown clock’s ticking louder, while Newt, Paul Ryan and The Donald are sucking the air out of the media cycle, making certain that once again we’ll miss the coming perfect storm in the financial markets … just as Paulson, Bernanke and so many others did in 2008.

For eight centuries, political leaders in denial, never learn till it’s too late

This has been going on for 800 years: Why do national leaders fail over and over to learn the lessons of history? Grantham said it best in a Barron’s interview a couple years ago: “Why is it that several dozen people saw this crisis coming for years? I described it as being like watching a train wreck in very slow motion. It seemed so inevitable and so merciless, and yet the bosses of Merrill Lynch and Citi and even Treasury Secretary Paulson and Fed Chairman Bernanke, none of them seemed to see it coming.”
Our nation’s leaders are in denial, want happy talk, bull markets, can’t even see the crash coming, even though the warnings were everywhere for years. Why the denial? Grantham hit the nail on the head: Our leaders are “management types who focus on what they are doing this quarter or this annual budget and are somewhat impatient.”
But what we need is “more people with a historical perspective who are more thoughtful and more right-brained.” Instead America ends “up with an army of left-brained immediate doers. So it’s more or less guaranteed that every time we get an outlying, obscure event that has never happened before in history, they are always going to miss it. And the three or four dozen odd characters screaming about it are always going to be ignored.”

7 reasons leaders always fail to see catastrophes, till too late

Please listen closely: For emphasis, let’s repeat Grantham’s warnings so you can see why a guy who is making $100 billion bets on the future of America’s economy, the dollar, our securities and commodity markets should be listened to. His psychological insights into the minds of America’s leaders deserve everyone’s attention.
So whatever you do, commit these seven key points to memory as a guide to your thinking and financial decision-making in the next 18 months:
  • Many, many experts did predict and warn of the 2008 meltdown years in advance.
  • Wall Street banks, corporate executives and Washington politicians are short-term decision-makers.
  • Most business, banking and financial leaders are short-term thinkers, focused on today’s trades, quarterly earnings and annual bonuses. Long-term historical thinking is a low priority.
  • As a result, it is virtually certain that America’s leaders will focus on upbeat, good news and always miss the next meltdown because warnings of a coming catastrophe are ignored.
  • Warnings from the few with a long-term perspective will always be dismissed during every investment cycle and every future recession/recovery cycle. Always. It’s in their DNA, trapped in their brain cells and demanded by their followers.
  • If you are a typical left-brain Wall Street or corporate executive, it’s virtually certain that you will miscalculate the timing/impact of the next meltdown, the next big collapse that’s off your radar. As a result, your company’s assets are at risk of suffering massive losses that are “predictable, not random.” But because you’re in denial, you will not deem it necessary to take steps to protect your assets.
  • If you’re a right-brain thinker, your longer-term historical perspective will give you a clear advantage in preparing for the next crash and the depression that follows.
Folks, there’s really nothing you can do to stop the inevitable crash that is coming possibly just before the presidential election in 2012.
Historical cycles have led to the inevitable collapse of all economic systems for 800 years, say economists Carmen Reinhart and Ken Rogoff in their classic, “This Time It’s Different: Eight Centuries of Financial Folly.”
The facts of history are irrefutable, inevitable and brutal. And nothing can change the trajectory of the cycle. In fact, the end can accelerate fast, in decades, says Niall Ferguson, author of “Ascent of Money: A Financial History of the World” and “Colossus: The Rise and Fall of The American Empire:”
“For centuries, historians, political theorists, anthropologists and the public have tended to think about the political process in seasonal, cyclical terms,” their ending long, drawn out. “But what if history is not cyclical and slow-moving but arrhythmic.” What if history is “at times almost stationary but also capable of accelerating suddenly, like a sports car? What if collapse does not arrive over a number of centuries but comes suddenly, like a thief in the night?”
We are in such a period. Will you be caught off guard, unprepared? Like in 2008? 

Friday 29 April 2011

Japan's factory output and consumer spending plummet

http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2011/apr/28/japan-factory-output-consumer-spending-plummet?CMP=twt_gu

Extract

The government said on Thursday that industrial production had plunged 15.3% from February after the 11 March earthquake and tsunami devastated Japan's industrial north-east, crippled a nuclear power station that continues to leak radiation and caused widespread power shortages.


Factory production had been expected to fall sharply as a result, but the drop was worse than the forecast of an 11.4% decline in a Kyodo News survey of analysts.


Transport equipment recorded the sharpest production drop – a 46.4% decline – underscoring the north-east region's integral role in supplying Japan's auto industry with parts, graphics chips and other high-end components.


The Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association said vehicle production fell 57.3% in March from a year earlier to 404,039 vehicles.


Ministry officials said the March decline in the country's index of output at factories and mines was the greatest since record-keeping began in 1953. The previous largest decline was in February 2009, when the global financial crisis that had started a few months earlier dragged production down 8.6%.



In another report on Thursday, the government's statistics bureau announced that consumer spending had also seen a record decline in March, falling 8.5% from a year earlier.
The previous sharpest decline in the numbers, which have been tracked since 1963, was a 7.2% dip in February 1974, soon after the 1970s oil shock helped trigger a worldwide stock market crash.
Kan has urged Japanese consumers to open their wallets to help spur the economy, stressing that the upcoming Golden Week holidays will be a particularly good opportunity to spend.
The government also reported that consumer prices declined for the 25th straight month. The key consumer prices index fell 0.1% as deflation continued to weigh on the economy.


One Million Exhausted Jobless Benefits in Past Year

http://blogs.wsj.com/economics/2011/04/28/one-million-exhausted-jobless-benefits-in-past-year/


Roughly 1 million people in the U.S. were unable to find work after exhausting their unemployment benefits over the past year, Labor Department data released Thursday suggest.
Economists said the back-of-the-envelope calculation is yet another sign that the labor market remains weak.
About 8.2 million idled workers were receiving unemployment benefits as of the week ended April 9, the Labor Department said in its weekly jobless claims report. This compares with about 10.5 million individuals at the same time last year, resulting in a decline of roughly 2.3 million people.
The federal government estimates that the economy created 1.3 million jobs during the 12 months ended in March.
“That leaves, roughly speaking, about 1 million people who have exhausted their unemployment benefits and have very likely not yet found a job,” said Joshua Shapiro, chief U.S. economist atMFR Inc. in New York.
But Nicholas Tenev of Barclays Capital said a precise figure is hard to calculate. He estimated the labor force has shrunk by 638,000 since March of last year, largely because of a demographic shift as baby boomers retire.
“While we don’t have an estimate of our own of how many people have exhausted all their benefits and are unable to find work, 1 million sounds high to me,” Tenev said.

In U.S., Majority Still Say Now Is a Good Time to Buy a Home

The Japanese Real Estate Bubble of 1989

by Martin Armstrong

The formation of the G-5 in 1985 and the talk that they "wanted" to see the dollar decline by 40%, began a capital withdrawal from the United States back to the second largest economy, Japan. As that capital contracted, both the yen rose in value globally as did its real estate and share prices. This attracted capital worldwide causing a capital concentration in Japan forming the Bubble top. 

The Crash of 1987

The 1987 Crash by Martin Armstrong

The 1987 Crash took place because of the formation of G-5 (Group of 5) in 1985 that was organized to force the dollar down, no different than Roosevelt accomplished with his 1934 confiscation of gold and the devaluation of the dollar. The problem was, those in charge had no practical experience. They knew not the repercussions within the global economy. The Japanese had been buying nearly 40% of new debt offerings and they were heavily invested in US real estate. Once the politicians stated they were banning together to force the dollar down by 40%, they failed to realize the complex nature of the economy. They assumed that lowering the dollar value by 40% would allow the US to export more by devaluing the costs of its production. However, that also meant that those who had purchased US debt would lose 40% as did those who purchased US real estate and stocks. Thus, the stock market crashed. People called the brokers asked why people were selling, and they could not articulate why when there had been no domestic change in fundamentals. It was the lack of fundamental news that caused the panic! 

The Great Depression of 1929

Martin Armstrong on 1929

Likewise, the 1929 collapse and the Great Depression were also worldwide events. Herbert Hoover’s memoirs provides the historical documentation for the Currency Crisis of 1931. Virtually all of Europe defaulted on its debt causing the dollar to rise to historical levels because it was still on a gold standard. This led to the collapse in exports and the cries for greater tariffs. This culminated in Roosevelt's famous confiscation of gold and a near 60% devaluation of the dollar in 1934. 

The Panic of 1873

Let us revisit history thru the eyes of Martin Armstrong
====================
What is overlooked, however, is that the Panic of 1857 was also a global force manifesting as a contagion. The Panic of 1857 in the United States also led to a money-market crisis in Europe. Europeans had been eager to invest in the New World and with major gold discoveries in California in 1849, visions that the streets of America were "paved with gold" was a popular slogan to fuel investment overseas. So, the financial Panic of 1857 became the first real "contagion" that infected Europe after the South Sea & Mississippi Bubbles of 1720.

The next major US panic was also related to worldwide events. The Panic of 1873 began in Vienna, Austria during June that year just eight years after it lost the war with Prussia in 1866. The Austrian financial crisis spread like a contagion causing European investors to sell American assets to cover losses. This led to the collapse of a major Investment Bank, the Goldman Sachs of its day, Jay Cooke & Co on September 18th, 1873. This set in motion a major collapse dubbed "Black Friday" that resulted in the stock exchange closing its doors for 10 days starting September 19th, 1873. By the end of 1873 in just three months, over 5,000 businesses failed in the United States. Tens of thousands came close to starvation. This is where we find the first Soup Kitchens appearing in New York City. 

======

Spanish unemployment hits 14-year high

FT


Spanish unemployment climbed to nearly 5m in the first quarter of the year, hitting the highest level in 14 years as the consequences of an imploded construction bubble continued to weigh on the eurozone’s fourth-largest economy.
The proportion of adults out of work in Spain rose to 21.3 per cent, up from 20.3 per cent in the previous quarter as the Spanish government this week embarked on a set of measures to clamp down on unofficial work in the black market.

The total number of unemployed rose to 4,910,200 at the end of March, according to Spain’s National Statistics Institute, with the number of jobless in the first quarter increasing by 214,000.

The Socialist government of José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero on Thursday announced plans to offer incentives to companies to declare their unregistered workers as part of a drive to increase tax receipts, and clamp down on people claiming benefits while receiving cash for informal work.

Valeriano Gomez, labour minister, said the amnesty would come ahead of harsher sanctions against unregistered employment coming into force in three months’ time.

After enjoying a decade-long property-led economic boom, the Spanish economy is now wading in high levels of private sector debt as real estate prices have fallen sharply and unemployment has jumped.

Spain’s level of youth unemployment, which counts those under the age of 25 registering for state benefits, sits at about 40 per cent, while the 21 per cent level for adults is more that double the eurozone average.

Official data also showed that Spanish retail sales fell by 8.6 per cent year-on-year on a calendar-adjusted basis in March, a deeper drop than the 4.6 per cent recorded in February in the ninth consecutive monthly drop.
The negative news was compounded by European data showing an increase in the rate of annual harmonised consumer price inflation in the single currency zone, reinforcing expectations of further interest rate rises by the European Central Bank over the year.

Some economists and analysts have expressed fears that a rate rise would stifle any fledgling recovery in the eurozone periphery which lags behind Germany, and could hurl Spain back into a prolonged recession.
Spain’s unemployment data are not seasonally adjusted, and many economists argue that it fails to reflect the sharp swings in Spain’s temporary labour market during the down period for tourism and leisure during the winter months.

Gold Luring Central-Bank Buyers May Extend Record Rally in Price

http://noir.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601087&sid=a3Pxj9OUMnsw&pos=5

April 29 (Bloomberg) -- Central banks that were net sellers of gold a decade ago are buying the precious metal to reduce their reliance on the dollar as a reserve currency, signaling demand that may extend a record rally in prices.


SS says 
Central bank buying / selling activity is one of the best indicator of where the Gold price is headed.
When near 2000 Gold was at its low , central banks were selling Gold.
Now when the price has gone from $250 to $1500 they are stepping in to buy Gold.


If they were ever hired by a hedge fund  - Central Bankers would be fired from their jobs for buying high and selling low.


======



China's Population is Aging Rapidly



SS says

This is in line with what Harry Dent has said as well.

============

http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704187604576290031070463712.html?mod=WSJ_business_AsiaNewsBucket




BEIJING – China's vast population is aging rapidly, according to the latest census figures released on Thursday, a demographic trend that threatens to sap the country's economic vitality.
But China's top leaders have declared that they are not prepared to dismantle a policy that has drawn widespread criticism for using forced abortions, sterilizations and other coercive practices. President Hu Jintao on Tuesday told the Communist Party's Central Committee that China will "stick to and improve its current family planning policy and maintain a low birth rate," the official Xinhua news agency reported.Some Chinese demographers have seized on the numbers to argue that the government should abandon its one-child policy, put in place in 1980 to deal with a population explosion encouraged by Chairman Mao Zedong.
According to the National Bureau of Statistics, which surveyed 400 million rural and urban households from November last year, China's population has risen to 1.339 billion from 1.265 billion in 2000, when the last census was carried out. That reflects average annual growth of 0.57% from 2000 to 2010, down from 1.07% in 1990-2000.
The new population figure reflects a growth rate of 5.84% over the decade. That compares with a growth rate of 11.66% over the previous decade.
People over the age of 60 now account for 13.3% of China's population, compared to 10.33% in 2000. Those over the age of 65 account for nearly 8.9% compared with 7.1% a decade ago.
The reserve of future workers is also dwindling. Those under the age of 14 now make up 16.6% of the population from 23% 10 years ago.
China's National Population and Family Planning Commission, which oversees the widely reviled one-child policy, says the policy has prevented 400 million births. The government credits it with helping to lift the country out of poverty and underpinning three decades of rapid growth.
But Wang Feng, a population expert and director of the Brookings-Tsinghua Center for Public Policy in Beijing, said on Thursday that economic growth is now imperiled. Slowing population growth rates endangers the country's massive pool of labor, which has been the country's economic engine.
"For the national fertility level to be so low, and for so long, is a wake-up call for policymakers that there will be consequences," said Mr. Wang, a member of a group of elite demographers, academics and former officials who have been calling for the one-child policy to be replaced with a two-child policy – and even incentives to have children.
Members of the group say that the Chinese labor force is due to start shrinking from 2016. That would throw into reverse a demographic trend that fed China's manufacturing boom and put upward pressure on wages, which is likely to result in higher rates of inflation. The number of workers aged 20-24 is already shrinking.
Family planners have justified the one-child policy in previous years by stating that the country's fertility rate -- the average number of children born to each woman -- is 1.8, said Professor Cai Yong, an expert in China's demography at the University of North Carolina.
However, the real number, according to calculations from the census data, is significantly lower than the 1.8 level, said Mr. Cai. That would put the fertility rate dangerously below the "replacement rate" of 2.1.
At a press briefing on Thursday, the statistics bureau commissioner, Ma Jiantang, acknowledged that the population shifts are stirring up new challenges. "Aging is affecting coastal and developed areas and their labor forces most, but all 31 provinces are affected," he said.
The data also show that urban areas are swelling. Nearly half of China's population, or 49.68%, now lives in cities. Around 36% lived in urban areas in 2000.
Urbanization adds to the aging problem, as those who migrate to cities are less likely to have children, said Mr. Wang. Birth rates in large cities are lower than in rural areas, he said. Shanghai's fertility rate is less than one child per woman, he said.
China's average household count is now 3.1 people, down from 3.44 a decade ago, according to the census data.
When it was introduced in 1980, officials said the one-child policy would last for 30 years. But the 30th anniversary came and went last year with no word on when it might be phased out, although the government is considering limited pilot schemes to relax the policy.
The growth of China's population has been declining since 1987. The U.S. Census Bureau projects that China's population will peak in 2026, with around 1.4 billion people and that India will overtake China in 2025 as the world's most populous nation.

UAE still nurses wounds from its financial crisis

FT


The United Arab Emirates may be coming out a winner of the Middle Eastern unrest as it welcomes bankers and investors burnt in Bahrain and north Africa.

But lingering weakness in its banking sector is a reminder that the Gulf state still nurses its own wounds from its 2008-9 financial and real estate crisis.
Local banks’ liquidity and capital levels are gradually improving, as are levels of provisioning for bad loans, analysts say.

Nonetheless, UAE banks First Gulf Bank, Emirates NBD and the National Bank of Abu Dhabi have all recently reported first-quarter results that missed expectations, in part due to greater than expected provisions for loan losses.

For the majority of the country’s banks, their exposure to bad debts in real estate is compounded by loan growth that, although gradually recovering, is restrained by the still-soft economy and banks’ tightening lending standards.

Loan growth in 2010 was 4.4 per cent and is expected to remain the “softest” in the region, says Jaap Meijer, a banking analyst with Alembic HC.

According to Raj Madha, a banking analyst with Rasmala Investment Bank: “We [the UAE] obviously have a number of troubled areas, particularly real estate, that haven’t worked their way out, and real estate is a very big part of the bank credit market.”

Slow loan growth is not all bad. Emirates NBD saw loans shrink 1 per cent quarter on quarter – helping it get its loan-to-deposit ratio down to a slightly more sensible 92 per cent from 99 per cent in December.

And the high levels of non-performing loans suggest the underwriting standards of the boom years may have fuelled growth, but not necessarily all that sustainably. Analysts say that writing down bad loans and deleveraging could take years and will keep banks growing at a pace slightly slower than that of the rest of the economy.

But beyond that – when banks try to shift from recovery back to growth – they will need to see lending grow.
For now, what the market does see is increased public spending.

“Oil prices are through the roof and that will find it’s way through the economy,” said Mr Meijer at Alembic HC.

Mr Meijer predicts 6 per cent loan growth at UAE banks for 2011, weighted towards Abu Dhabi banks with greater exposure to the emirate’s ambitious plans to diversify away from reliance on oil and gas income.

Yet from that perspective, the near-term prospects for UAE banks pale in comparison to their Qatari counterparts.
There, Mr Meijer expects 19 per cent loan growth as Doha ramps up for the World Cup – a public works project that, unlike many in the region, cannot be cancelled or downsized.

Thursday 28 April 2011

If Bill Gross Sees U.S. as Shaky, Check Japan: William Pesek

http://noir.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601039&sid=aTElTyf2kXpM


April 29 (Bloomberg) -- Salvador Dali or M.C. Escher?
This question leaps to the mind navigating the ruins of Japanese cities like Tagajo. Skylines now look as if Dali’s surrealist brush had a hand in rendering things so out of place. Escher’s mind seems at work, too. Interlocking shapes that shouldn’t exist in the three-dimensional world litter cityscapes that before March 11’s earthquake and tsunami were pretty run of the mill.
The mess one confronts in the northeast -- flattened buildings, fleets of destroyed Toyotas at ports, ships sitting in the middle of streets, the search for bodies -- graphically demonstrates why Standard & Poor’s is so worried about Japan. Concerned about the magnitude of the reconstruction bill, S&P cut Japan’s rating outlook.
So is Japan on the verge of a debt crisis? No, and that may just be the problem.
Rising stocks and bond prices show traders aren’t buying the despair about Japan’s finances. They are focusing on the nation’s $15 trillion of household savings, the government’s latitude to raise taxes and the fact that about 95 percent of public debt is held domestically.
Yet Japan’s day of reckoning will arrive at some point, and the longer it’s delayed, the worse it will be. This is an ideal moment for the bond vigilantes, who from time to time take matters into their own hands and boost yields, to teach Japan a lesson. Nothing of the sort is happening.
Keep Borrowing
On Wednesday, the day S&P threatened to downgrade Japan, credit-default swaps protecting government debt for five years returned to their pre-March 11 trading range. The message to politicians: By all means, continue borrowing with abandon.
It’s not unlike what’s afoot in the U.S. Negativity about America’s budget deficit has investors like Bill Gross, who runs the world’s biggest bond fund at Pacific Investment Management Co., abandoning Treasuries. Bond dealers disagree, as evidenced by the 3.32 percent yield on the 10-year note. Broadly speaking, the bond market doesn’t seem worried about the U.S.
Looked at through this lens, traders are even less perturbed by Japan’s debt load; 10-year yields are a paltry 1.2 percent. One explanation for why markets are ignoring S&P is that credit rating companies, wrong on just about every major crisis of the last 15 years, have lost all credibility in Asia.
Complacent Markets
The more worrisome one is that markets are complacent. It’s hard not to draw this conclusion when you trek around the Sendai region, which was inundated by the tsunami. From my vantage point, the initial $300 billion reconstruction estimates are fanciful. So, too, might be S&P’s suggestion that the price tag would, at the high end, be $613 billion. It may cost far more.
The challenges that held Japan back before the quake are more acute now. The one most evident in the tsunami zone is how an aging and shrinking population symbolizes the decline of economic life in rural areas. The question isn’t just how to rebuild, but whether to even bother in some places.
There’s also the question of when to start. Economic logic tells you to begin right away. After a 1995 quake, the city of Kobe acted fast and vibrant growth followed. Such thinking is callous and borderline immoral to the likes of Shintaro Takegawa.
Takegawa, 57, is a Sendai truck driver whose company lost more than 90 percent of its fleet when the oceans poured into the city center. He was intrigued to see a wandering foreigner in his midst and offered me a ride back to the train station, a few kilometers from Sendai’s main port.
Why the Hurry?
“There is a big hurry to rebuild, but we have to have respect for the dead and the missing -- more than 25,000 people,” Takegawa explains. “Why can’t we wait a few months?”
This sentiment is common in Japan’s northeast. I heard it, for example, from police officers in the city of Natori, which was literally wiped off the map last month. My Bloomberg News colleagues who have traveled extensively around Tohoku since March 11 routinely encounter it, too. It underscores the challenges facing a nation anxious to dispatch construction crews.
The nuclear crisis in Fukushima is another wild card. This week, electronics maker Sharp Corp. became the latest company to delay making forecasts for this year, citing difficulty in estimating the financial toll of the last several weeks.
Japan is in bizarre economic territory. Bank of Japan Governor Masaaki Shirakawa isn’t exaggerating when he says the economy faces “strong downward pressure.” That dynamic, coupled with the cost of rebuilding Tohoku, means issuing lots of new debt.
You would think that with Japan’s debt-to-gross domestic product ratio -- already 200 percent -- set to widen, traders would be wary. You would think a nation with a shrinking population would be chastened by markets for over-borrowing and forced to find another way to boost growth.
No, traders are saying all is well and giving Japan the green light to sell bonds. One can only imagine the market surrealism that will begin once that light turns yellow or, worse, red.
(William Pesek is a Bloomberg News columnist. The opinions expressed are his own.)

Mobius Sees Extended Global Equities Bull Market After Fed Move

http://noir.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601109&sid=abbzBzQb1enQ&pos=14

Mark has made some serious comments in this article.
It would be great to review them in a years time.

Extract
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The global equities bull market will weather any halt in bond purchases by the Federal Reserve amid rising U.S. consumption and investment in emerging markets, according to Templeton Asset Management’s Mark Mobius.


“We are in a bull market and it will continue,” said Mobius


 “There will be corrections along the way but these will be very temporary. 


The consumer in Europe and America is back. They’re not spending like crazy but they are spending.”


That means investors are diversifying out of U.S. Treasuries and going into global markets,” he said. “That’s been a big change, which has been beneficial for emerging markets generally.”


The best places to capitalize on the global bull market are Brazil, Russia, India and China, while in “frontier” markets including Africa, Vietnam, Bangladesh and Pakistan “there are lots of opportunities,” Mobius said.



Europe’s Subprime Quagmire

http://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/gros21/English


BRUSSELS – Back in 2007-2008, when the financial crisis was still called the “subprime” crisis, Europeans felt superior to the United States. European bankers surely knew better than to hand out so-called “NINJA” (no income, no job, no assets) loans. These days, however, Europeans have little reason to feel smug. Their leaders seem unable to come to grips with the eurozone’s debt crisis.
Banks in Ireland and Spain are discovering that their customers are losing their jobs and income as the construction bust hits the national economies. And one could argue that a loan to the government of Greece or Portugal affords little more security than a NINJA loan. Indeed, lending to governments and banks in the European periphery represents the European equivalent of subprime lending in the US (which was also concentrated in a few sunshine states).
Given the many similarities between the two crises’ basic features, European leaders could learn a lot from the US experience.
The first lesson is that, despite the limited overall volume of subprime loans, the subprime crisis could blow up into the biggest financial crisis in living memory, because an overstretched financial system was unable to cope with even limited losses. Similarly, the combined debt of Greece, Ireland, and Portugal is small relative to the eurozone economy, but the European banking system is still so weak that these countries’ debt problems can create a systemic crisis.
A second lesson is that dealing successfully with a financial crisis requires, most immediately, a strong dose of liquidity. Then, once the financial system has been stabilized, a combination of debt restructuring and recapitalization is required. Has the European Union followed this recipe?
After some hesitation, Europe showed that it could manage the first phase – a liquidity injection to prevent systemic collapse. Greece and Ireland received funding when they were shut out of the capital market. And the last EU summit announced the creation of a permanent European Stability Mechanism (ESM) – a sort of European Monetary Fund with an effective lending capacity of €500 billion.
This is equivalent to $700 billion, the same magnitude as the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) instituted in late 2008 to keep US financial markets from collapsing. The ESM should be sufficient to deal with the refinancing needs of Greece, Ireland, and Portugal. It might even be sufficient to address Spanish government debt, though this would be a stretch.
But, just as the $700 billion TARP did not assuage nervousness financial markets in 2008, so the ESM’s €500 billion seems to have left investors unimpressed. The risk premia on the sovereign debt of Greece, Ireland, and others have not diminished. The premia paid by Portugal have actually soared since major ratings agencies, explicitly citing the agreement reached at the EU summit in late March, lowered the country’s sovereign-debt rating.
In the US, the turning point came with the authorities’ stress tests of banks in early 2009. The tests were seen as credible; indeed, their results prompted US officials to force several major banks to increase their capital.
This did not happen in last year’s European version of the US stress tests, and this year’s stress tests in Europe are unlikely to be tougher. The reason is simple: the US authorities checked whether their banks could survive the sort of downturn that the market feared most at the time. By contrast, European authorities refuse to test the scenario that the market currently fears most: losses on loans to banks and governments on Europe’s periphery.
A third lesson derives from a little-noticed but vital aspect of the US experience: debt reduction is comparatively easy in the US, because the no-recourse feature of most mortgages there limits repayment obligations to the value of the house. Moreover, the US bankruptcy code can free consumers of their debt within months.
Of course, the millions of personal bankruptcies and home foreclosures in the US are not popular, but they provide debt relief each time, thereby enabling households to make a fresh start. This steady flow of debt relief is allowing US consumer spending to recover slowly.
By contrast, debt restructuring for either banks or governments is politically unacceptable in Europe. This implies that the crisis is likely to persist much longer than in the US, because households in Spain and Ireland will labor for decades to service mortgages on houses that they can no longer afford. And the Greek government faces an endless succession of budget cuts, with each step being more difficult than the last as the economy spirals down a black hole.
Debt relief created fewer problems for banks in the US because a significant proportion of the subprime loans packaged into AAA-rated securities had been sold to gullible foreigners. A good proportion of the losses on subprime lending was thus borne by banks from Northern Europe, leaving these banks in no position to sustain further losses on their European peripheral lending. But this should compel a strong recapitalization program – not weak stress tests.
Europe is making a fundamental mistake by allowing the two key elements of any resolution of the crisis – namely, debt restructuring and real stress tests for banks – to remain taboo. As long as successive EU summits persist in this mistake, the crisis will fester and spread, eventually threatening the stability of the eurozone’s entire financial system.
Daniel Gros is Director of the Centre for European Policy Studies.